1 Kings 20:29

Authorized King James Version

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And they pitched one over against the other seven days. And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined: and the children of Israel slew of the Syrians an hundred thousand footmen in one day.

Original Language Analysis

וַֽיַּחֲנ֧וּ And they pitched H2583
וַֽיַּחֲנ֧וּ And they pitched
Strong's: H2583
Word #: 1 of 21
properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically, to pitch a tent; generally to encamp (for abode or s
אֵ֖לֶּה one H428
אֵ֖לֶּה one
Strong's: H428
Word #: 2 of 21
these or those
נֹֽכַח over against H5227
נֹֽכַח over against
Strong's: H5227
Word #: 3 of 21
properly, the front part; used adverbially (especially with preposition), opposite, in front of, forward, in behalf of
אֵ֖לֶּה one H428
אֵ֖לֶּה one
Strong's: H428
Word #: 4 of 21
these or those
שִׁבְעַ֣ת seven H7651
שִׁבְעַ֣ת seven
Strong's: H7651
Word #: 5 of 21
seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
בְּי֥וֹם day H3117
בְּי֥וֹם day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 6 of 21
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
וַיְהִ֣י׀ H1961
וַיְהִ֣י׀
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 7 of 21
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
בְּי֥וֹם day H3117
בְּי֥וֹם day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 8 of 21
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י And so it was that in the seventh H7637
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י And so it was that in the seventh
Strong's: H7637
Word #: 9 of 21
seventh
וַתִּקְרַב֙ was joined H7126
וַתִּקְרַב֙ was joined
Strong's: H7126
Word #: 10 of 21
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה the battle H4421
הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה the battle
Strong's: H4421
Word #: 11 of 21
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
וַיַּכּ֨וּ slew H5221
וַיַּכּ֨וּ slew
Strong's: H5221
Word #: 12 of 21
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
בְנֵֽי and the children H1121
בְנֵֽי and the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 13 of 21
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 14 of 21
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 15 of 21
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲרָ֛ם of the Syrians H758
אֲרָ֛ם of the Syrians
Strong's: H758
Word #: 16 of 21
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite
מֵֽאָה an hundred H3967
מֵֽאָה an hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 17 of 21
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
אֶ֥לֶף thousand H505
אֶ֥לֶף thousand
Strong's: H505
Word #: 18 of 21
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
רַגְלִ֖י footmen H7273
רַגְלִ֖י footmen
Strong's: H7273
Word #: 19 of 21
a footman (soldier)
בְּי֥וֹם day H3117
בְּי֥וֹם day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 20 of 21
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
אֶחָֽד׃ in one H259
אֶחָֽד׃ in one
Strong's: H259
Word #: 21 of 21
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

Analysis & Commentary

And they pitched one over against the other seven days. And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined: and the children of Israel slew of the Syrians an hundred thousand footmen in one day.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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